Process for hardening condensation products from phenols and aldehydes.



UNITED s'ra'rns PATENT HANS LEBACH, OF, LUNWIGSHAFEN-ON-THE-BHINE, GERMANY ASSIGNOB TO THE FIRM 0F KNOLL AND COMPANY, OF LUDWIGSI-IAFEN-ON-THE-RHINE, GERMANY.

rnocnss non rmrtzonnme oonnnnsa rron rnonuocns FROM rnnnons AND ALnnHYDns;

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 26, 191%,

No Drawing. Applicationfiled December 21, 1908. Serial No. 4683M.

the condensation products in a form, in which they combine with the latter more intimately, than is the case with acids diluted with water. This may be effected by di- To allwhom it may concern:

Be it known that-I, HANS Lennon,

, chemist, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine, Germany, have invented a certain new and use-r lilting theacidS with Subs ances Which are ful Process for Hardening Condensation s a ly Ir l c ble wlth the products '01:? con- Products from Phenols and Aldehydes, ofdensa lon uch a e hy1-a1c h01,g y r1n nd which the following is a specifigafion, similar bOdlGS, The PI'OdllCtS thus obtained .In the manufacture of acidand alkalie Stlll m r h mogeneous than those Obproof insoluble objects from the .condensamed y means of aqueous acids." tion products of phenols and aldehydes it te f lng free aelds o the. conhas been found, that for the perfect hardene sa PI' dHO to accelerate their hfdi ing of the products heating for hours and mg, m y emp oy ubstances, Whleh I even days is necessary,: which is prejudicial r l y yield acids by decomposltion, such as to the technical utilization thereof. It is 9 'g n1e nd organic ac1d'chlor1ds,sulfur1c clear. that in consequence hereofl it, will b acid esters, aluminium QhlOIIld. Flnally the I necessary to have" for the manufacture of Teactlon y b materially awelel'atfid y 4' large titi f bj t h 35 b means of ac1d*salts,wh1ch are thus su table plates and the like, a very large quantity of for the P t P 'P These addltloPs molds as well, as large drying chambers used e as h, 1 d1 01Ved m .which render the process correspondingly Sultable Solvents- U m li t d d expensive" l A special advantage otthe new method-1s 1 h f d th t a d ti f h d also that in the rapid sol dification the valption ofheating to a small fraction of the OI'IZWBIQII Of r" lll present and to time hitherto necessary and at the same time formatlon 0f P S her y S V l d, 0 0 a considerably better utilization of the molds t p t y o g eou ma es re pro: may be obtained in a simple manner by the duced- It 1S 3 Possible by method addition of acids to the finished, condensed and by ng 301d 0 l t the solidification but still fluid a s, 1 proceed at firstonly to a plastic intermediate The advantages of the process working g th n after rapidly cooling down, to' without the addition' of acids in comparison W k 1t as m y be deslred and en further ith th t hi h employs id f th b heat the parts operated upon. In like man-r i i German P t t N 112685) ner the action of the-acid may take place in consist mainly in the f t that the the'interior of wood and other substances. densation can b i t t d t' a i t llnorder to remove adhering traces of acid which appears suitable and the fiuid or semi- 11? 1 dvlsable' to treat the hardened parts solid productthus obtained (with or with f re o after. further r m n n erout filling substances) kept unchanged fo taken in some cases, with vapors or solutions .months until further operated upon. or sent 0f 1 1 Substances! reading in an away and further operated upon in another kaline manner, such as ammonia, soda solulace, whereas the presence of the acid in the hon, sodium acetate and fi n s y under method of the German Patent No. 112685 in re s d or reduced ressur r does not permit any interruption, asthe'ren th p lfication of/ the German Patent action would then proceedfurtherof itself, No. 157553 is described a method in which until the solid final product was formed. n a solid bodyis isolated by the addition of the presentimprovement the advantages of the two methods are combined by adding the acid at any convenient time after the con; densation has been completed and at the instant when the polymerization to the hard, insoluble final product isto take place; The selection of the acids and the quantity there" alone or in solution ofwill depend upon the quantity and nature evolves formaldehyde it difi'ejrs therefore of the condensation product to "be treated. sharply from the completely insoluble heat-- It'is advantageous to introduce the acids into resistingproducts of the present method, the

and aldehyde produce alkalies. This product distinction to, the one obtainable by the present method i is soluble in various solvents, such as alcohol, acetone, a1kali lyes and ammonia, and, when heated acid. from a condensation mixture of phenol,

d .by the action othowever, in contraa are obtained as before;

formation of which in this way. was not to be foreseen.

The presentmethod differs from the one described above.

The following examples will serve to further explain this process Example I: 1000 parts of phenol, 1000 parts of 40% formaldehyde and 100 parts of crystallized sodium sulfite are heated unh til after being vigorously boiled up a light yellow viscous liquid is formed. To this is added after ithas cooled 600 parts of wheat starch and 200 parts of 20% sulfuric acid and the whole is heated in suitable molds for from 1 to 2 hours at 85 C. After this time the mass has solidified to a hard, highly lustrous, insoluble product, which afteribeing thoroughly washed with 10% soda solution, admits of being dyed, bored,

parts of 40 per cent. formaldehyde and 100 parts of or stallized sodium sulfite are heated to boi ing point for a quarter of an hour, 500 to 600 parts are distilled off, and

the residual liquid is well mixed with 600 parts of wheat starch. Subsequently 150 hour, whereby the whole is caused to solidify to a reddish solid mass of brilliant surface free from pores. "This mass is then heated With gaseous ammonia in a closed receptacle for an hour, in order to neutralize the acid. It is advantageous to heat the mass subsequently to about 100 (3., with the object of lncreasing its hardness and strength, but this is not absolutely necessary.

Example III: Instead ofadding to 100 parts of the mixture a mixture of sulfuric acid and glycerin, as in Example II, 10 parts of a 25 per cent. aqueous solutionof potassium bisulfite or 5 parts of benzoylchlorid are added, in which case also solid homogeneous masses with brilliant surfaces What I claim is f 1. The process for accelerating the hardenand aldehydes formed Without ing of condensation ing of condensation products from phenols acids, which consists in adding .acid to the products afterthe condensation, they have completely hardened, substantially as described.

2. The process for accelerating the hardenproducts from phenols complete hardening of the same, an acid in t e shape of a solution produced with a sol- -vent other than water, substantially as dey scribed.

3. The process for acceleratin the hardening of condensation products rom phenols and aldehydes formed without the use of acids, which consists in adding to the product after the condensation, but before the complete hardening of the same, a substance, which readily yields acid, substantially as described.

4. The process for accelerating the hardening of condensation products from phenols and aldehydes formed without the use of acids, which consists in acting on densation products, before they have completely hardened, with an acid salt, substantially as described.

' The process for producing a solid material from aldehyde and phenol, which consists in causing bodies of the phenol group to act on formaldehyde by applying heat until a uniform'viscous mass is obtained.

witnesses.

HANS LEBACH. Witnesses: I

HANS'SCHRAUBE,

TAEGER. 

